阳痿的发病原因与预防方法 | Causes and Prevention of Erectile Dysfunction

阳痿是什么因素引起的? | What Causes Erectile Dysfunction?

1. 心血管疾病 | Cardiovascular Diseases

致病机制

  • 阴茎勃起依赖血管充血能力,高血压、动脉硬化会显著减少血流供应。
    Erection relies on vascular function. Hypertension and atherosclerosis reduce blood flow to the penis.
    新加坡现状
  • 本地高盐高脂饮食(如椰浆饭、沙爹)导致ED患者中**45%**同时患有高血压(数据来源:新加坡卫生部)。
    Singapore’s hawker culture (e.g., laksa, satay) contributes to high cardiovascular risks linked to ED.


2. 糖尿病与代谢综合征 | Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome

科学关联

  • 长期高血糖损伤神经与血管,导致勃起信号传递受阻。
    Chronic high blood sugar damages nerves and blood vessels, disrupting erection signals.
    本地警示
  • 新加坡约11.3%的成年人患糖尿病,其ED风险是健康人群的3倍
    Diabetes affects 11.3% of Singaporeans, tripling ED risk (Health Promotion Board, 2023).

3. 心理压力与焦虑 | Psychological Stress

关键影响

  • 职场压力、经济焦虑会升高皮质醇水平,抑制性兴奋所需的血管舒张反应。
    Work stress and financial worries increase cortisol, blocking blood vessel relaxation for erections.
    本地案例
  • 2023年调查显示,68%的新加坡男性因压力导致性欲下降。
    68% of Singaporean men report reduced libido due to stress (National Health Survey).

4. 荷尔蒙失衡 | Hormonal Imbalances

核心激素

  • 睾酮(Testosterone)低于12 nmol/L时,性欲与勃起硬度显著下降。
    Testosterone levels below 12 nmol/L directly reduce sexual desire and erection quality.
    新加坡数据
  • 40岁以上男性中,**20%**存在临床性低睾酮症状,肥胖者风险更高。
    20% of Singaporean men over 40 have low testosterone, especially those with obesity.

5. 不良生活习惯 | Unhealthy Lifestyles

主要风险

  • 吸烟:尼古丁收缩血管,ED风险增加50%。
    Smoking narrows blood vessels, increasing ED risk by 50%.
  • 久坐:每日久坐超过8小时者,ED发病率提高30%。
    Sedentary lifestyles (>8 hrs/day) raise ED risk by 30%.

如何预防男性阳痿? | How to Prevent ED in Men?

1. 优化饮食 | Dietary Improvements

行动建议

  • 采用“健康餐盘”:1/2蔬菜、1/4优质蛋白(鱼、豆腐)、1/4全谷物。
    Adopt the “Healthy Plate”: 50% veggies, 25% lean protein (fish/tofu), 25% whole grains.
    本地推荐
  • 用糙米替代白米饭,减少椰浆饭摄入频率至每周1次。
    Replace white rice with brown rice. Limit nasi lemak to once weekly.

2. 规律运动 | Regular Exercise

科学依据

  • 每周150分钟快走或游泳可改善血管功能,降低ED风险40%。
    150 mins/week of brisk walking or swimming improves vascular health, reducing ED risk by 40%.
    新加坡方案
  • 利用公园连道(Park Connector)骑行,或参加社区免费瑜伽课程。
    Use Park Connectors for cycling or join community yoga sessions.

3. 压力管理 | Stress Management

实用技巧

  • 每日冥想10分钟:使用本地App“MindFi”进行引导式练习。
    10-minute daily meditation with Singaporean app “MindFi”.
  • 周末徒步麦里芝蓄水池(MacRitchie Reservoir)缓解焦虑。
    Hike at MacRitchie Reservoir on weekends to reduce anxiety.

4. 健康筛查 | Health Screening

必检项目

  • 40岁以上男性每年检测:血糖、血脂、睾酮水平。
    Men over 40 should test annually: blood glucose, lipids, testosterone.
    本地资源
  • 政府补贴筛查:通过HealthHub平台预约综合诊所(Polyclinic)。
    Subsidized screenings via HealthHub at polyclinics.

5. 戒烟限酒 | Quit Smoking & Limit Alcohol

数据警示

  • 吸烟者ED风险提高50%,戒断1年后风险下降30%。
    Smokers have 50% higher ED risk; quitting reduces it by 30% in 1 year.
  • 每日饮酒勿超2标准杯(1杯=330ml啤酒)。
    Limit alcohol to ≤2 standard drinks/day (1 drink=330ml beer).

总结 | Conclusion

阳痿是身心健康的综合信号,早期干预可显著改善。新加坡男性可通过科学饮食、定期运动与压力管理有效预防ED。若症状持续,建议咨询本地泌尿科专家(如新加坡中央医院)。
ED reflects overall health. Early lifestyle changes can prevent it. Consult urologists at SGH if symptoms persist.